ID |
Alert Name |
Number of Alerts |
Reference |
0 |
Chelating agents |
55 |
1. Agrawal A, Johnson SL, Jacobsen JA, Miller MT, Chen LH, Pellecchia M, Cohen SM. Chelator fragment libraries for targeting metalloproteinases. ChemMedChem. 2010 Feb 1;5(2):195-9. |
1 |
Acute Aquatic Toxicity |
54 |
1. Hermens JL. Electrophiles and acute toxicity to fish. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1990;87:219-225. |
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2. Henk J.M. Verhaar, Cees J. van Leeuwen, Joop L.M. Hermens, Classifying environmental pollutants, Chemosphere, Volume 25, Issue 4, 1992, Pages 471-491. |
2 |
Covalent Bind With Protein |
108 |
1. Enoch SJ, Ellison CM, Schultz TW, Cronin MTD. (2011). A review of the electrophilic reaction chemistry involved in covalent protein binding relevant to toxicity. Crit Rev Toxicol 41:783-802. |
3 |
Respiratory Sensitization |
52 |
1. Enoch SJ et al, Development of Mechanism-Based Structural Alerts for Respiratory Sensitization Hazard Identification. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 2012, 25 (11), pp 2490¨C2498 |
5 |
Mitochondrial Toxicity |
17 |
1. Nelms MD, Mellor CL, Cronin MT, Madden JC, Enoch SJ. Development of an in silico profiler for mitochondrial toxicity. Chemical research in toxicology. 2015 Sep 24;28(10):1891-902. |
6 |
Non genotoxic carcinogenicity |
22 |
1. Benigni R, Bossa C, Tcheremenskaia O. Nongenotoxic carcinogenicity of chemicals: mechanisms of action and early recognition through a new set of structural alerts. Chemical reviews. 2013 Mar 8;113(5):2940-57. |
8 |
Skin sensitization |
135 |
1. Payne MP, Walsh PT. Structure-activity relationships for skin sensitization potential: development of structural alerts for use in knowledge-based toxicity prediction systems. Journal of chemical information and computer sciences. 1994 Jan;34(1):154-61. |
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2. Barratt MD, Basketter DA, Chamberlain M, Admans GD, Langowski JJ. An expert system rulebase for identifying contact allergens. Toxicology in vitro. 1994 Oct 1;8(5):1053-60. |
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3. Enoch SJ, Madden JC, Cronin MT. Identification of mechanisms of toxic action for skin sensitisation using a SMARTS pattern based approach. SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research. 2008 Jul 1;19(5-6):555-78. |
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4. Gerner I, Barratt MD, Zinke S, Schlegel K, Schlede E. Development and prevalidation of a list of structure-activity relationship rules to be used in expert systems for prediction of the skin-sensitising properties of chemicals. Alternatives to laboratory animals: ATLA. 2004 Nov;32(5):487-509. |
9 |
Alert from Top200 Drug |
82 |
1. Stepan AF, Walker DP, Bauman J, Price DA, Baillie TA, Kalgutkar AS, Aleo MD. Structural alert/reactive metabolite concept as applied in medicinal chemistry to mitigate the risk of idiosyncratic drug toxicity: a perspective based on the critical examination of trends in the top 200 drugs marketed in the United States. Chemical research in toxicology. 2011 Jul 11;24(9):1345-410. |
10 |
Genotoxic carcinogenicity mutagenicity |
81 |
1. Ashby J, Tennant RW. Chemical structure, Salmonella mutagenicity and extent of carcinogenicity as indicators of genotoxic carcinogenesis among 222 chemicals tested in rodents by the US NCI/NTP. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology. 1988 Jan 1;204(1):17-15. |
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2. Kazius J, McGuire R, Bursi R. Derivation and validation of toxicophores for mutagenicity prediction. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2005 Jan 13;48(1):312-20. |
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3. Bailey AB, Chanderbhan R, Collazo-Braier N, Cheeseman MA, Twaroski ML. The use of structure¨Cactivity relationship analysis in the food contact notification program. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2005 Jul 31;42(2):225-35. |
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4. Benigni R, Bossa C. Structure alerts for carcinogenicity, and the Salmonella assay system: a novel insight through the chemical relational databases technology. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research. 2008 Oct 31;659(3):248-61. |
11 |
Kidney Toxicity |
6 |
1. Pizzo F, Gadaleta D, Lombardo A, Nicolotti O, Benfenati E. Identification of structural alerts for liver and kidney toxicity using repeated dose toxicity data. Chemistry Central Journal. 2015 Dec 1;9(1):62. |
12 |
Hepatotoxicity |
36 |
1. Liu R, Yu X, Wallqvist A. Data-driven identification of structural alerts for mitigating the risk of drug-induced human liver injuries. Journal of cheminformatics. 2015 Dec 1;7(1):4. |
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2. Pizzo F, Gadaleta D, Lombardo A, Nicolotti O, Benfenati E. Identification of structural alerts for liver and kidney toxicity using repeated dose toxicity data. Chemistry Central Journal. 2015 Dec 1;9(1):62. |
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  |
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3. Hewitt M, Enoch SJ, Madden JC, Przybylak KR, Cronin MT. Hepatotoxicity: a scheme for generating chemical categories for read-across, structural alerts and insights into mechanism (s) of action. Critical reviews in toxicology. 2013 Aug 1;43(7):537-58. |
13 |
Developmental and mitochondrial toxicity |
12 |
1. Structural alerts for devlopmental toxicity and mitochondrial toxicity molecular initiating events (Lhasa), Mukesh,P et al. 2014 |
14 |
Covalent Bind With DNA |
111 |
1. Benigni R and Bossa C. Structure alerts for carcinogenicity, and the Salmonella assay system: a novel insight through the chemical relational databases technology. Mutation Research 2008, 659, 248-261. |
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2. Enoch SJ, Cronin MTD. A review of the electrophilic reaction chemistry involved in covalent DNA binding. Crit Rev Toxicol 2010,40(8),728-748. |
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3. Kalgutkar AS et al. A comprehensive listing of bioactivation pathways of organic functional groups. Current Drug Metabolism 2005; 6, 161-225. |
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4. Kazius J et al. Derivation and Validation of Toxicophores for Mutagenicity Prediction. J Med Chem 2005; 48, 312-320. |
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5. Mekenyan O et al. Identification of the Structural Requirements for Mutagenicity by Incorporating Molecular Flexibility and Metabolic Activation of Chemicals I: TA100 Model. Chem Res Toxicol 2004, 17, 753-766. |
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6. Mekenyan O et al. Identifying the Structural Requirements for Chromosomal Aberration by Incorporating Molecular Flexibility and Metabolic Activation of Chemicals. Chem Res Toxicol 2007, 20, 1927-1941. |
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7. Serafimova R et al. Identification of the Structural Requirements for Mutagencitiy, by Incorporating Molecular Flexibility and Metabolic Activation of Chemicals. II. General Ames Mutagenicity Model. Chem Res Toxicol 2007, 20, 662-676. |
15 |
Idiosyncratic toxicity Metabolic activation |
32 |
1. Kalgutkar AS, Soglia JR. Minimising the potential for metabolic activation in drug discovery. Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology. 2005 Jun 1;1(1):91-142. |
16 |
Potential electrophilic agents |
119 |
1. Enoch SJ, Ellison CM, Schultz TW, Cronin MT. A review of the electrophilic reaction chemistry involved in covalent protein binding relevant to toxicity. Critical reviews in toxicology. 2011 Oct 1;41(9):783-802. |